Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Essay about Global Poverty - 1599 Words

In today’s world, poverty is an element of every nation’s economy. Whether on a large or small scale, some strand of poverty is visible in every community worldwide. Somewhere in the world, a young man is homeless, a single woman cannot adequately supply for her children, a sick, elderly woman cannot afford her medication, a young lady has to settle for drinking water from the puddles of the street, and people are on the verge of total financial collapse. No matter the reason or cause, some human being is counted in the 45.4% worldwide poverty rate as less-fortunate, underprivileged, etc (Hope International, 1). But what causes this startling fact? How is it that as the years progress, so does the rate of poverty worldwide? Some argue that†¦show more content†¦For example, Maureen Bodie in GOD’s Angry Babies couldn’t go to school when she was younger because her father prevented her from going, And Maureen was the smartest†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦And John Bodie, though proud of his daughter, would not send her to the Government New School†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦That privilege was reserved for his two living sons. His two sons, who would always carry his name. And not a daughter. Not Maureen. Maureen didn’t need high school. Maureen needed a husband (Strachan, 27). Prohibited the right to education, a basic necessity of life, Maureen’s knowledge was limited for quite some time, leaving her to learn how to cook, clean, and iron for those days of her life. Also, as Ms. Bodie sits her son Mark Bodie down to teach him things about life and how to be a man, she states: And never once did I see Mercer Stone put his hand in his pocket to buy so much as a candy for one of his sons. Mercer Stone would go to Kentucky Fried Chicken to buy food, and sit right in the living room and eat every last piece. Suck the bone dry, while his sons watch him wit’ dey mout’ white. And never offer dem so much as a French fry! (Strachan, 34) Even so much as the necessity of food and nutrition is limited by the hands of another human being, thus causing other human beings to suffer in some form of poverty. In such regard, according to literature, mankind is toShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Global Poverty1609 Words   |  7 PagesPoverty is one of the largest dilemmas plaguing the world today. Solutions to solving the global issue of poverty are constantly debated, as world leaders try to find the best possible approach. However, in order to work towards solving the problem of global poverty, we must first identify the key cause. The main source of global poverty is the inaccessibility to food as a necessary biological need, otherwise known as world hunger. Food is necessary in order to live. It provides fuel for basic biologicalRead MorePoverty Is A Global Issue2393 Words   |  10 PagesEvery city has poverty. Travel around the world, I bet it wouldn’t be difficult to find a city that doesn t have an impoverishe d community. Poverty is a global issue, but most importantly it’s a local issue to me in the city that I live in. Among the 10 largest cities in America, Chicago has the third highest poverty rate with 40-60% of our residents living under the poverty level. People who live in poverty are given less opportunities, resources and tools than people who live in the middle orRead MoreGlobal Poverty And Its Effects On Poverty Essay2151 Words   |  9 Pagesreduce and more effectively measure poverty has been Mayor Michael Bloomberg’s Center for Economic Opportunity (CEO) in New York City. This paper will explain how CEO was and still is so successful in combatting poverty and will argue that its tactics should be implemented in cities across the nation. Poverty is one of the most important issues that the modern world has attempted to confront. For the most part it has been a huge success. Extreme global poverty has been cut in half in the past 20Read MoreGlobal Institutio ns are the Solution to Global Poverty Essay1639 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal institutions are seen to be the better solution to help prevent world poverty in developing nations. Indeed, two philosophers, Thomas Pogge and Andrew Kuper, agree with this view that global institutions are more suited to prevent world poverty than NGOs. The reason for this is that global institutions have better defined institutional structures. A global institution â€Å"is an organization with hierarchical structures, having departments and agencies assigned with specific tasks† (WTO). TheyRead MoreGlobal Poverty Essay example1162 Words   |  5 PagesPoverty has become a crucial fact worldwide and has a great influence on economic development. Foreign aid from wealthy regions has been dedicated to reducing poverty. Before delving into the argument, it is necessary to clarify the term â€Å"western countries† and â€Å"global poverty†. Western countries refer to the most developed countries which have in common a high standard of living for most of the residents, such as the United States, most European countries and Australia. Global poverty in this essayRead MorePublic Perception Of Global Poverty1433 Words   |  6 PagesAllison Miller Instructor Khe Midterm Essay 13 February 2016 The public perception of global poverty is one where they assume that the poor economic conditions in developing countries are associated with poor working conditions, bad pay, and long hours. In other words, globalization in developing countries is seen as having sweatshops, with child labor, and a certain lack of basic human rights. Women and children are also seen as being the recipients of even poorer working and living conditionsRead MorePoverty Is A Global Issue1448 Words   |  6 PagesPoverty is a global issue known by many people, it affects people in many ways, and can be considered a constant battle. The war on poverty has been ongoing for many years not only in the United States, but also amongst various countries. A significant country dealing with poverty is South Africa, which has struggled to provide jobs, education, and social security, to its people for numerous years. Moreover, the same applies to countries like the United States. Our first impression is that th e UnitedRead MoreGlobal Poverty Essay592 Words   |  3 PagesPoverty is defined as the state of being poor; lack of the means of providing material needs or comforts.( More children live in poverty in the United States than in any other developed country (p. 192, Parrillo). Generally, poverty is blamed either on the individual or the system. Several dimensions such as intelligence, poverty culture, family life and the system of capitalism give explanation as to why poverty exists in the U.S. Intelligence has been labeled as one of the factors of povertyRead MoreGlobal Poverty And The Dependency Model790 Words   |  4 Pagesbackground to infiltrate my study of international development. Throughout the course of my undergraduate studies, I discovered the Global Politics and Solidarity, Cosmopolitanism and Global Justice modules to be the most enlightening, heavily focusing on development issues such as poverty and climate change. For this purpose, my undergraduate research topic f ocused on Global Poverty and the Dependency Model. During this research, I sourced documents relating to dependency theorist, Andre Gunder Frank whoRead MoreEffects Of Poverty On A Local And Global Perspective1953 Words   |  8 Pagesdoing something to help stop them. I chose to research poverty on a local and global perspective because I believe it is one of our biggest and most evolving issues today. According to the Economic and Social Inclusion corporation, â€Å"Poverty is about not having enough money to meet basic needs including food, clothing, and shelter† (New Brunswick, 2009). Although poverty has become a bigger deal today than ever. It is a very complex issue. Poverty is not only a U.S issue but a worldwide problem that

Monday, December 16, 2019

Love vs Infatuation Free Essays

Love vs. Infatuation Love is a steadier, stronger, and lasting feeling than infatuation, because of its contrast in meaning. Everyone wants to be in love, but very few people know what it means. We will write a custom essay sample on Love vs Infatuation or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to The American Heritage Dictionary, â€Å"Love is defined as deep affection and warm feeling for another, while infatuation is to inspire with unreasoning love or attachment. When a person sees someone who fits their ideals, they may think, â€Å"Oh my God, I’m in love. † Nevertheless, is it real love or just infatuation? There is a great difference love and infatuation, and when trying to determine the difference there are at least three aspects a person should consider: interest, concern, and distance. When trying to interpret the difference between love and infatuation a person has to figure out what makes one interested in a particular person. Infatuation is purely based on external appearance. Say for instance, a young man in his mid-twenties is at a traffic light. A car pulls up next to him. When he glances over, he sees a beautiful African woman who is his type. All of a sudden, the young man cannot help but feel that he is fallen in love, but in reality, he is only in a state of infatuation. On the other hand, love is deeper than that and it is based on the other party’s inner beauty rather than the outer beauty. They care more about that person’s character and personality traits than their physical appearance. To become infatuated with someone take only a second, whereas it takes a while to become in love with someone because love is based on more than just superficial interests. Concern is another way to tell the difference between infatuation and love. Infatuated people are primarily concerned with themselves, and how the other person makes them feel. Infatuations boast selfishness. When infatuated, one simply cares for another person based on what they have to offer to oneself rather than to the relationship as a whole. They have the tendency to say things like â€Å"I feel important when am with him,† or she really makes me feel good. Notice how many times â€Å"I† and â€Å"me† is used? In contrast, when love evolves, two souls are united as one. Love adjusts and grows as life experiences take place. When the going got tough, love flourishes through a deep commitment and sense of understanding. Love is selfless. Another aspect to tell the difference between love and infatuation is distance. Infatuation is short-sighted and short-lived. Distance severe the bonds in a relationship built on infatuation. It is like building a castle on a bad foundation, and when time takes its toll, it will ultimately crumble. For instance, in a relationship between two person and one of them travels, if it is love, they will wait for each other communicating regularly but if is infatuation, there is bound to a change and either of them can find someone else they are attracted to. However, love is eternal. A separation only strengthens it, fuelling its passion to burn brighter. The longing to be together would only deepen the bond, rather than weaken it. How to cite Love vs Infatuation, Papers

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Five Stages of Grief free essay sample

Grief is an emotion that we have which is very complex and often misunderstood. Unfortunately, grief is something that we all will experience in our lives at one time or another. We will all experience loss in our lives. The stages of grief are the same whether it be through the death of a loved one, divorce, or some other loss. There are five stages of grief. It is said that if we get stuck In one of the stages, the process of grieving Is not complete, and cannot be complete. This means that a person will not complete the entire healing process when there Is a loss In their life.A person must o through all five stages of grief to be well again, and to fully heal. Not everyone goes through the stages at the same time. It Is different for each person. You cannot force a person through the stages, and they have to experience each stage at their own pace. Someone may go one step forward then take two steps backward, but this Is all part of the process. This process Is Individual to each person. But, It Is stressed that all five stages must be completed for healing to occur. The first stage of grief Is denial.It Is very natural for someone to feel Like this Is not really happening to them. How many times have we said or heard someone else say this cant be happening to me. Many people are in a state of shock during this stage. For example, when we here that a loved one is now dead, we just cannot believe that this is true. We just do not want to hear it or believe it. It is known that some people will still be setting the table at dinner time for the person, or acting as if they are still living there.People are seen looking for the loved one that passed away, or people may look for a former spouse in familiar places where they would often be together. During denial there is often no crying or any type of emotion. People are not accepting or even acknowledging the loss. The second stage of grief is anger. It is very natural to have feelings of anger after a loss. How many times have we said or heard someone say why me? . People feel that they did not deserve what has happened to them, and that the circumstances are completely unfair.When someone has died there may be many feelings of anger towards the person that died. People will actually get very angry at the deceased, and they will blame them for what has happened. People may also get angry at God, as well as other people that may have been at the location where someone died. They feel that it is someone elses fault, and may cast blame and anger towards another person. When people get divorced there are often many feelings of wanting to fight back or get even with their spouse. Many times people blame their spouse for leaving them. The third stage of grief Is bargaining.Bargaining often takes place before the loss. Attempting to make deals with the spouse who is leaving, or attempting to make deals with God to stop or change the loss. People may start begging, wishing, and praying for them to come back. This Is very common when someone Is terminally Ill. They will beg God to stop he Illness, and they will want to make some sort of deal with God. People will even do this sort of thing after someone Is deceased. They still want to make a deal with God to somehow bring their loved one back. People that are getting a divorce will try to bargain with their spouse.They will beg them not to leave them, and they tell them that they will change. Sometimes a spouse will say that they will do anything if the that we must go through when mourning a loss, or when someone is threatening to leave. The fourth stage of grief is depression. This is the stage that scares me the cost. When people go through this stage I worry about them very much, and some people have the potential to hurt themselves. People will have overwhelming feelings of hopelessness, frustration, bitterness, and self pity. Mourning the loss of a person is devastating.We will also mourn as we think of the hopes, dreams, and plans for the future that are no longer there. These plans are now gone after a loss. We feel an incredible lack of control, and we may even feel numb. Perhaps feelings of suicide may overcome an individual. I obviously feel that family and friends need to be with he person that has experienced a loss, but in this stage more than any of the other stages family and friends must be close. There have been many cases where someone has experienced a loss, and then that person ends up taking their own life.This is the most tragic thing that I can think of. Now we have two horrible losses to deal with, and I sure dont think that this helps anyone in any way. Depression is normal throughout a loss, but not when it is taken to the level of suicide. I think that if enough family and friends are always available to help the person most dealing with the loss then this sort of thing can be avoided. The fifth and final stage of grief is acceptance. It must be noted that there is a difference between resignation and acceptance. A person must accept the loss, not Just try to bear it quietly.There must be realization that the person is gone when they die. People must realize that it is not their fault, and that their loved one did not leave them on purpose. It is said that even in cases of suicide often the deceased person was not in their right frame of mind. Acceptance must also occur when going through a divorce. There must be realization that it takes two to make or break a marriage. It is never Just one persons fault when a divorce occurs, and acceptance is a necessary part of getting through a divorce. In any type of loss we must try to find the good that can come out of the pain of the loss. We must try to find comfort and healing through the loss. When we begin to accept the loss our goals turn toward personal growth, and helping others who experience that same kind of loss. We also will start thinking of all of the fond memories of the person that we lost. We will begin to smile and laugh when think of that person instead of crying and living in constant sorrow. I cannot believe how ironic it is that I am writing this essay on the five stages of grief.On Wednesday, May 4th, 2011 my twenty one year old step son Daniel died. My wife and I found Daniel in our spare bedroom passed away in the bed on that morning. I am finishing this essay in Wisconsin right now. We are burying him today. I have seen firsthand the five steps of grief in this past week. My wife and some others have not yet completed the five steps. I have noticed that some people will stay in a particular step longer than another step. Daniels grandmother still seems to be in the angry stage. My wife on he other hand is in the depression stage.I foresee her remaining in this step for quite a while. I must say that I do agree with the old saying that time can heal all wounds. We will never get over the loss of a loved one, but we do learn how to get on with our lives. We must go on for their sakes, and that is how they would want it. I have accepted Daniels loss, and I know that I will see him again in heaven. I strongly believe in this fact, and that is what helps me get through this terrible time. It is such by going through the five steps of grief. It is very normal to go through all five steps of rife, and we must go through all of them.We must get help from our loved ones. We will survive, and we will learn to move forward with our lives. We will heal, even if we cannot believe that now, we Just know that this is true. To feel pain after a loss is normal. It proves that we are alive and loving human beings. But we cant stop living. We have to become stronger, and we must not shut off our feelings for the hope of one day being healed, and finding love and/or happiness again. Helping others through something we have experienced is a wonderful way to facilitate our healing and bring good out of something tragic.

Saturday, November 30, 2019

Proctor Essays - Salem Witch Trials, The Crucible, John Proctor

A crucible has two definitions: 1) a container made of a substance that can resist great heat and 2) a severe test or trial. In The Crucible, John Proctor is representative of both of these definitions because of the situations that he must overcome and the people that he has to deal with. Abigail Williams, the ringleader of the ?possessed? children, is the source of Proctor?s problems, and it is his challenge to attempt to win the battle against her and the unrelenting town. John Proctor can be considered to be a very strong man. He is one of the few people in the town that refuses to believe that the children are actually possessed, and he shows no fear of expressing this belief to the courts and to the people of the village. ?They?re pretending, Mr. Danforth!? (Miller, 115) At this point, Abby and Susanna Walcott continue saying things such as, ?Mary, don?t come down? and ?She?s stretching her claws!? (115) where after, Proctor immediately responds by declaring that they are lying. Throughout the course of the trial John persistently insists that the girls are liars; however, he cannot convince the court of this truth.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

Machiavelli essays

Machiavelli essays The Prince, written by Niccol Machiavelli in 1513, was a book about political power and how to keep it. Machiavellis general message was that in order to hold power, one must not only lie to his enemies, but lie to his own people as well if he must. A ruler must always seem to be honest, benign, and trustworthy even if, in reality, they are not. In addition, if a ruler could choose to be loved rather than feared, or feared rather than loved, then it is much safer to be feared rather than loved, since most people will be too afraid to anger a prince that would not hesitate to punish them. Machiavelli also emphasizes that many people will see what you seem to be and only a few will discover what you really are. It is extremely important to always have those positive characteristics around these people. Machiavelli spoke of flatterers as well, saying that the best way to deal with flatterers is to have a council of wise men who the flatterers would speak to. The flatterers would be urged to speak the truth on whatever things are asked. The prince should take advise, but only when he wants it. A 20th century ruler that I think would agree with Machiavelli is Adolf Hitler. Adolf Hitler seemed to be a very power-hungry ruler as he invaded neighboring European countries. It would seem likely that such a ruler would do whatever possible to gain absolute power of not only his own country, but his enemies as well, no matter what the costs. Another ruler that I think would have agreed with Machiavelli is Joseph Stalin. Once he took over the Soviet government, the people were constantly lied to. As conditions started to become worse and poverty began enveloping the country, Stalin would always say in his speeches that conditions were better than they were before the Bolshevik Revolution. Machiavelli suggested that the people be lied to if it is not to the rulers benefit which I think Stalin would definitely agre...

Friday, November 22, 2019

Learn to Sing Douce Nuit or Silent Night in French

Learn to Sing Douce Nuit or Silent Night in French Here are the French lyrics with a literal translation, followed by the traditional English lyrics. The tune is the same, but as you can see, the French version of this Christmas carol is quite different. Listen to a video of Douce Nuit on YouTube  - the song takes some time to start but it does eventually, with the lyrics underneath which is convenient if youd like to learn it in French. Douce Nuit With Literal English Translation Douce nuit, sainte nuit!Dans les cieux ! Lastre luit.Le mystà ¨re annoncà © saccomplitCet enfant sur la paille endormi,Cest lamour infini ! x2 Sweet night, holy night!In the skies, the start shines.The announced mystery is taking placeThis child asleep on the straw,He is infinite love! Saint enfant, doux agneau !Quil est grand ! Quil est beau !Entendez rà ©sonner les pipeauxDes bergers conduisant leurs troupeauxVers son humble berceau ! x2   Saint child, sweet lamb!How tall! How beautiful!Do you hear the pipesOf the shepherds who lead their herdsTowards his humble cradle! Cest vers nous quil accourt,En un don sans retour !De ce monde ignorant de lamour,Oà ¹ commence aujourdhui son sà ©jour,Quil soit Roi pour toujours ! x2   It’s towards us he is running,In a gift without end !Of this world ignoring love,Where today starts his stay,Let him be king for ever! Quel accueil pour un Roi !Point dabri, point de toit !Dans sa crà ¨che il grelotte de froidO pà ©cheur, sans attendre la croix,Jà ©sus souffre pour toi ! x2 What a welcome for a king!No shelter, no roof!In his manger he is shivering with coldO sinner, without waiting for the cross,Jesus is suffering for you! Paix tous ! Gloire au ciel !Gloire au sein maternel,Qui pour nous, en ce jour de Noà «l,Enfanta le Sauveur à ©ternel,Quattendait Israà «l ! x2 Peace to all ! Glory to heavens !Glory to the maternal breast,Who for us, on this Christmas dayGave birth to our eternal Savior,Who Israà «l was waiting for. Lyrics to Silent Night Silent night, Holy nightAll is calm, all is brightRound yon virgin, mother and childHoly infant, tender and mildSleep in heavenly peace,Sleep in heavenly peace.3 Silent night, Holy nightSon of God, loves pure lightRadiant beams from thy holy faceWith the dawn of redeeming grace,Jesus, Lord at thy birthJesus, Lord at thy birth.2 Silent night, Holy nightShepherds quake, at the sightGlories stream from heaven aboveHeavenly, hosts sing Hallelujah.Christ the Savior is born,Christ the Savior is born

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

FORD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

FORD - Essay Example But according to me they should have given their customers the actual information. It would give the public a sense of trust in Ford. The real ethics lies in having the faith of the customers by thinking about their well being. As per a Ford inside notice, the optimal approach to defeat the security issue was by bringing down the core of gravity, enlarging the Explorers wheel base, and utilizing a more diminutive P215 tire. Then again, when further dissection was carried out, Ford understood that stretching the wheel base and bringing down the core of gravity might have deferred the processing, and consequently it chose to act "unethically" Rowell (2008). This shows that Ford was aware of the problem and they also knew the reason for it. It was a fault on their end. They had the thought process of saving their reputation. We can use the Utilitarian approach in this situation. Consistent with the Utilitarian Approach, the maker of the item ought to be considered answerable for the imperfections as opposed to the retailer, and it is the obligation of each maker to guarantee that it processes the most secure items conceivable. Accordingly dependent upon the Utilitarian Approach, it could be reasoned that Ford was "unethical" since it was regulating the methodology through which Explorer was transformed, and in this manner it is to be considered ethically and also lawfully answerable for the imperfections which were available in the vehicle. Based on this theory it can be said that the responsibility should have been taken by Ford. Yes Ford should have taken the responsibility instead of blaming the whole issue on Firestone. It was unethical on their part to protect themselves and blaming a tire manufacture. Ford should have recalled all the faulty cars that had been manufactured by them and should be replaced with the non faulty one or should have repaired the cars on their own expense. According to me it was

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

USA Cost Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

USA Cost Accounting - Essay Example Though Obama promised change, Government spending has continued unabated and even the risk of default on debt obligations in the beginning of August 2010 did nothing to dampen the Government’s appetite for spending. Although there was an impasse between those who supported Obama and those who didn’t, in the end common sense meant that the debt ceiling had to be increased for America to avoid default. Notwithstanding the exhortations of the public to stop Government spending, to tighten the belts and purses of the Government agencies and politicians and to stop the war on terror that has resulted in overspending with little results, the inefficiencies, the bumbling and the ineptitude of the Government prevail. Obama-care has been opposed not because it is wrong, but because it would result in just more inefficiency. The government is butting into the realm of the private sector, the same mistake that was made by giving too much responsibility to Fannie Mae and Freddie Ma c, the controllers of the home mortgage industry and the housing sector. In such a scenario, cost allocations, revenue and expense targets and continued management reporting can make a world of difference in gauging the efficiencies of Government organizations and agencies. In this assignment, we are going to look at how cost is allocated in Government departments and private agencies and discuss the need and importance of the same. Discussion Let us start with the US Army Corp of Engineers. Even though they are a branch of the US Federal Government, yet they are concerned about cost allocation. The mission of this institution is to provide important and critical public engineering services and to strengthen the security of the USA in times of both war and peace, to energize and motivate the economy, and to reduce risks posed by and as a result of natural and man-made disasters. While we often think of the US Army Corps of Engineers to be a part of the US Army and therefore subject to Government funding, the truth is that it is funded by the taxpayers. No wonder it is worried about its funding and cost allocations. Even the Federal Government has rules and regulations for cost sharing and allocations, and the US Army Corps of Engineers has to abide by them. This means that the feasibility for all proposals and activities planned by the US Army Corps of Engineers has to be discussed and the need and cost of the projects debated before permission to proceed is granted. But the primary purpose of all cost allocations is to ensure their recovery or reimbursement by the powers that be, or to arrive at a basis for sharing of common costs between different arms and agencies of the Government. Both drawdown and flow augmentation methods are considered here (www.nww.usace.army.mil). The drawdown method presupposes that there would be a depletion of natural resources during the project, while the flow augmentation presupposes that there would be an apportionment of stor age among already identified purposes. It has been a policy of the US Army Corps of Engineers not to ask for a reallocation of costs unless a major change or overhaul of present facilities is planned to be implemented. Let us now move on to how the City Government plans its cost allocations and revenues. For instance, a perusal of accounting records for the City of Seattle Government Department lists a series of costs and associated cost drivers for allocating these costs. Most of these allocations have been made on the basis of common sense and practical wisdom- although I am sure some have been uniform throughout the history of modern Government. A further look at most of

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Job Characteristic Model Technical Coordinator Apple’s Research and Development Essay Example for Free

Job Characteristic Model Technical Coordinator Apple’s Research and Development Essay Job Characteristic Model: Technical Coordinator Apple’s Research and Development Introduction Skill Variety                   The position of a technical coordinator at the Apple’s Research and development is increasingly demanding. As a requirement, my stay entails me to develop skills and talents, which responds to a high coordination strategy that responds to the elementary needs and routine. As a result, my skills variety impacted on the on the activities of establishing, guiding, encouraging, engaging and tackling critical research and administrative responsibilities. Task Identity                   Significantly, my roles influence other workers positively, in that my intervention encourages workers to be involved rapidly in the project rather than concentrate on an individual unit. For that reason, it is possible to complete the whole piece of work from the beginning to the end. It is possible to respond to these requirements since the team examines needs of the customer before commencing on a given activity. Task Significance:                   Given the operative nature of the job, it is possible to respond to requirements of the department since the team is involved psychologically at the process. Mentally, the team is made to understand the significance of each stage of the activity. To achieve that, the overall mission of the organization is broken down to ensure that the team gets first-hand needs of the organization, before commencing on the job. Autonomy:                   The characteristic enables employees to pursue milestone in a free but objected zone. Programmers, designers, researchers, and marketers are empowered by autonomous decision to independently choose what is to be performed. Hence, my role is to steer independent operation. I am, therefore, obliged to decide on how to time the performance. Feedback   Ã‚                  The characteristic enables me to determine the feedback mechanism that allows my team to have more information about the effectiveness of their performance. My role is to engage units in communication, using the organization ERP system.                   To enhance my motivation potential, I will be required to communicate with different team players on the way forward when it comes to making critical decisions. I will motivate and influence team players by requesting job progress daily. This way, I will show them I am part of the team References Juricek, J. (2014). Agile Project Management Principles. Lecture Notes on Software Engineering, 172-175. Source document

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Affirmative Action :: American Government, Race Relations, EEO

Affirmative Action In the United States, Affirmative Action is one of the government programs to overcome the effects of past societal discrimination by allocating jobs and resources to members of specific groups, such as minorities and women. The policy was put forth by federal agencies enforcing the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and two executive orders, which provided that government contractors and educational institutions receiving federal funds develop such programs. The Equal Employment Opportunities Act (1972) set up a commission to enforce such plans. The establishment of racial quotas in the name of affirmative action brought the charges of so-called reverse discrimination into the late 1970s. Although the U.S. Supreme Court accepted such an argument in the case University of California v. Bakke (1978), it let existing programs stand and it also approved the use of quotas in 1979 in a case involving voluntary affirmative-action programs in unions and private businesses. In the 1980s, the federal government's role in affirmative action was considerably diluted. In three cases in 1989, the Supreme Court undercut court-approved affirmative action plans by giving greater standing to claims of reverse discrimination, voiding the use of minority set-asides where past discrimination against minority contractors was unproven, and restricting the use of statistics to prove discrimination, since statistics did not prove intent. The Civil Rights Act of 1991 reaffirmed a federal government's commitment to affirmative action, but a 1995 Supreme Court decision placed limits on the use of race in awarding government contracts; the affected government programs were revamped in the late 1990s to encompass any person who was "socially disadvantaged.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Qing Dynasty Essay

The last dynasty in China, the Qing dynasty, ruled from 1644 to 1911, and there is argument to say that their failures, especially those towards the end of their rule, created the underlying tension and ideologies behind the Communist victory in China and the consequential establishment of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). These failures can be subdivided into military failures, weaknesses of the leadership, financial disarray, political troubles, and the Qing dynasty’s failure to implement lasting, effective reforms. It can easily be argued that the Qing dynasty didn’t recognise the importance of the military until it was too late and they suffered for neglecting it. The dismissal of a key general, Yuan Shikai in 1908 can be seen as a turning point for the military in this period. The dismissal wasn’t for valid reasons, but purely a chance for Regent Prince Chun to assert his authority. However, this had disastrous consequences the Qing dynasty, as th ey had lost their only loyal general, leaving them without military protection, an issue which had already been exacerbated by the Boxer Rising in 1900-1901. The Qing dynasty then made a further mistake in putting too much trust in him when he (reluctantly) returned. This resulted in Yuan Shikai using his unarguable military strength to gain political power. In all, this left the Qing dynasty with little, if any military strength. Their army wasn’t loyal, nor was it organised and there was much internal strife. Therefore the Chinese people were left yearning for a government that was strong enough to command military as well as political power, planting the ideas of revolution in their heads. The Qing dynasty also had a lot of problems with leadership. During the â€Å"100 Days† period of attempted reform, obvious internal power struggles arose which further weakened the dynasty. Here there was the struggle between the reactionaries of the government, those that wanted China to remain traditional and to uphold the ideas of Confucian living, and progressives who were in support of bringing in reform and change to modify China . With hindsight, it can be argued that, perhaps if the progressives had won the debate over reform, there might not have even been a need for a revolution. However, at the time it is important to note that the ideas of Confucian living and social harmony were a core part of Chinese society, and because most of the Chinese public had not known any different, something as radical as what the progressives were suggesting was seen as alien and threatening.  The reactionaries outweighed the progressives in court, and led by Dowager Empress Cixi, they forced themselves into power. For a while, although Cixi was in no way a perfect leader, at least there was a constant leader who was reliable. However in 1908, upon the death of Emperor Guangxu and Dowager Empress Cixi, Pu Yi came to be emperor. However emperor Pu Yi was only a very small child at the time, so Prince Chun acted as regent. He lacked authority, and so 3 further years of inconsistent leadership followed. The Chinese public started looking for someone who was confident to lead them into a revolution and give them what they need in way of reform, opening up and opportunity for a n ew leader to step in. From the end of the Opium Wars, the Qing government had been plunged into a state of bankruptcy, leaving them without enough money to impose an industrial modernisation programme that China so desperately needed. This was made worse by the crippling penalties imposed after the Boxer Rising in 1900-01. The effect of this is most obviously highlighted with the railways crisis from 18958-1911. During this time the railway boom in China meant a great opportunity for provinces to thrive, bringing in trade and new jobs. However, the Qing government chose to nationalise the railway, and to be able to afford to do so, that meant that they had to raise taxes and rely on foreign loans. Naturally, the Chinese people in these provinces weren’t happy with the fact that not only have the government taken away a huge possibility for local investment, but were then imposing taxes on the very people who were missing out. This led to open opposition of the government for the first time in China, as well as a damaged sense of pride because they were relying on foreign investment. The Qing dynasty was widely regarded among the Chinese as old-fashioned and redundant. First of all, this was down to the simple fact that they originated from Manchuria, which wasn’t even part of China, meaning that they were out of touch with the growing popularity of nationalism. Also, their authoritarian tradition made them incapable of responding to the demands of the revolutionaries, who were inspired by Japanese and Western models of democracy. This is because, among the people, there was fear of the punishments associated with â€Å"disrupting the social harmony† (defying the government). Combined with the government’s fear of change, it can be argued that this is why it took until 1949 for China to have a revolution, compared to America or France. Finally, and most importantly, was the Qing dynasty’s  blatant disregard for the crucial need for reforms. The closest that they got to reform was during the â€Å"100 Days† in 1905, when reforms based on western models were proposed but completely ignored in courts and so therefore didn’t go through. Part of this was to do with Dowager Empress Cixi leading a strong opposition against the reform. However, she later went on to introduce some reform, for example she brought an end to tests in Confucianism for government positions and she created provincial assemblies. Many historians have argued, however, that this was just an attempt to win over the revolutionaries who were turning against the idea of an â€Å"establishment† all together. Generally, by the time of the formal abdication of the Qing dynasty in 1912, the revolutionaries within China were ready for change. They were fed up with having a corrupt, inconsistent central government that weren’t in touch with the modern concepts behind revolutionary thoughts. This lay the foundations for the Chinese revolution and the eventual establishment of the PRC in 1949.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Comparison of Dutch Economy and German Econmy in Last 30 Years

Comparison of Economic Growth between The Netherlands and Germany (1978-2009) Introduction About 16 years ago, when European Community became European Union(hereinafter to be referred as EU) , the Netherlands and Germany, as two founding members of the EU, have been played an important role in European and world's economy. When talked about Dutch economy, East indies company must be a start. As the first company in the world, it helped the Netherlands to be the leader of world's economy seventeenth century and to build Dutch entrepreneurship. The capital city of the Netherlands, Amsterdam, use to be the financial and business centre of the world. Later, Dutch economy has seen by many declined for a while. But, since 1980s, dutch government has reduced intervention, dutch economy become more prosperous and open again. To the east of the Netherlands, Germany stands in the central europe, as the largest national economy in Europe, ranked fourth by nominal GDP and fifth by GDP (PPP) in the world in 2008. After the industrialization, this country has become a driver and innovator in global economy. Especially when west and east Germany unified in 1990, the country's economy went out from the recession after second war's big hit. Compared these two countries' economic development, there are a lot similarities and differences due to its close position in Europe continent, culture background, and even history. This paper is organized as follow. Section 2 introduces briefly the concepts of economic growth and the key concepts in measuring economic development, section 3 explains how rule of law effect economic development in the Netherlands and Germany, section 4 presents the relationship between income distribution and economic development, section 5 describes cultural influence on economic development, section 6 consists of examples of successful entrepreneurship in the Netherlands and Germany, section 6 deals with the technology factor in economy in the two countries. Section 8 comprises comparison and conclusion. Section 1 1. 1 To start with the comparison,we need to define what economic growth is and the key concepts of economic development. At first, the economic growth we are going to study is long-run economic growth. Long-run economic growth is the growth of what an economy is able to produce given its labour force, knowledge, technology, tools, machines, land. It is not about the growth of what an economy actually produces, that type of economic growth is short-run economic growth. Economic growth implies increases in per-capita real gross domestic product (GDP), namely widening of the production scale in a country as a whole, or more efficient use of its economic resources to produce goods and services(Kibritcioglu, 2001). Real GDP is the value of final goods and services produced in a given year when valued at constant prices. It is the best measure of total production and the increase in real GDP is used to measure economic growth, as by comparing the value of the goods and services produced at constant prices we can measure the change in the quantity of production (Parkin, 2008, pp. 91). 1. 2 figures in the Netherlands and Germany Figure 1: GDP growth in percentage in the Netherlands and Germany(1978-2007) [pic] Source: WDI(world development indicators) online 2007, the World Bank Group Figure 2: GDP growth per capita in percentage in the Netherlands and Germany(1978- 2007) [pic] Source: WDI(world development indicators) online 2007, the World Bank Group Fi gure 1 and figure 2 show the annual GDP growth and GDP per capita growth in percentage in the Netherlands and Germany from 1978 to 2007. As in figure 1 and figure 2, from 1978 to 1982, the Netherlands and Germany both suffered an economics recession, with the annual GDP growth in percentage declining from 2. 33% in 1978 to -1. 21% in 1982 in the Netherlands and 3. 01% in 1978 to -0. 39% in 1982 in Germany. Then the Netherlands and Germany both experienced fluctuations in GDP growth. Especially in 1990, the Netherlands had a sharp rise from -1. 21% in 1990 to 4. 42% in 1989 and Germany experienced a sharp increase in 1990 from -0. 39% to 5. 26%, which is the highest growth rate for Germany in last 30 year. Afterwards, it shows a different trend between the Netherlands and Germany. The GDP growth declined to 1. 26% in 1993 and raised again till 4. 68% in 1999, while German GDP growth declined to 2. 01% in 1999 steadily. In the next 10 years, Dutch growth rate decreased till 0. 08% again as the lowest rate and then the rate slowly went up and became steady in recent years. Germany also showed the same pattern but the rate is lower than the Netherlands in general. Though the figures, we can see the Netherlands and Germany have a lot common in GDP growth rate and GDP per capita growth rate. Economy in these two countries are likely to be steady. Only in some year like 1982, 1990, 1993, 1999, 2002, it showed a sharp rise or decline. So, what happened in these remarkable years? What caused the difference in growth rate between the Netherlands and Germany? In the following sections we will discuss four key concepts related to economic growth in order to see through these problems. Section 2 2. 1 Economic freedom Economic theory indicates that economic freedom affects incentives, productive effort, and the effectiveness of resource use(de Haan,2000). We start with definition of the economic freedom:â€Å"Individuals have economic freedom when (a) property they acquire without the use of force, fraud, or theft is protected from physical invasions by others, and (b) they are free to use, exchange, or give their property to another as long as their actions do not violate the identical rights of others†(Gwartney et al. , 1996). Moreover, the key indicators of economic freedom are personal choice, voluntary exchange coordinated by markets, freedom to enter and compete in markets, and protection of persons and their property from aggression by others (Robert, 2006). In this paper, we use the indicators of the Fraser Institute. Gwartney et al. (1996) choose 17 measures and rate a high number of countries on each of these measures on a scale of 0–10, in which zero means that a country is completely unfree and 10 means it is completely free. The measures are in four broad areas: Money and inflation; Government operations and regulations; ‘Takings’’ and discriminatory taxation; and International exchange(de Haan,2000). 2. 2 Figures analysis Figure 3: level and ranking of economic freedom of the Netherlands(1970-2006) [pic]Source: freetheworld. om 2008, The Fraser Institute Figure 4: level and ranking of economic freedom of Germany(1970-2006) [pic] Source: freetheworld. com 2008, The Fraser Institute Though these two figures, we can see the Netherlands and Germany had the same pattern during last 30 years and they both got a high rate, which means they were both free to a large extent in economy. After 1980, the rate in the Netherlands was a little higher than the rate in Germany, but both are very stable. Compared with the rest of the world, the economy in the Netherlands and Germany are comparatively free. . 3 Results After we look though the GDP growth rate and economic freedom rate, we found there is a relationship between those two figures. More economic freedom fosters economic growth, but that the level of freedom is not related to growth. In other words, our findings suggest that more economic freedom will bring countries more quickly to their steady state level of economic growthif they are below that level. , but that the level of steady state growth is not affected by the level of economic freedom(de Haan and Sturm, 1994). And always the countries with more economic freedom can achieve higher levels of GDP per capital and grow faster (Lawson & Moor Chair, 2006). So we can say high economic freedom rate do contribute to high GDP growth rate, and steady economic freedom also has a positive effect on economic growth. Section 3(income distribution) 3. 1 income distribution Section 4 (Culture) 4. 1 Culture As Hofstede said the world is full of confrontations between people, groups, and nations who think, feel, and act differently. At the same time, these people, groups, and nations, are exposed to common problems that demand cooperation for their solution(2004, p2). Those confrontations and cooperation are called culture. Using the Hofstede's â€Å"Onion† model to depicts four cultural concepts: symbols represent the most superficial and values the deepest manifestations of culture, with heroes and rituals in between(2004, p6). Economic development will not stop at national borders. Globalization also require us to deal with culture differences and all the countries should work more closely than ever. 4. 2 Dimensions of Culture Five dimensions were frequently used to measure culture difference: power distance(PDI), the extent to which the less powerful members of institutions and organizations within a country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally(Hofstede, 2004, p46); Individualism(IDV), pertains to societies in which the ties between individuals are loose: everyone is expected to look after himself or herself and his or her immediate family(Hofstede, 2004, p76); Masculinity(MAS): A society is called masculine when emotional gender roles are clearly distinct(Hofstede, 2004, p120); Uncertainty Avoidance(UAI), the extent to which the members of a culture feel threatened by ambiguous or unknown situations(Hofstede, 2004, p167); Long-term Orientation(LTO), the fostering of virtues oriented toward future rewards, in particular, perseverance and thrift(Hofstede, 2004, p210). Following is the index scores of Germany and the Netherlands, compared with the World's average. Figure 5: Culture dimensio ns' index scores of Germany(1967-2001) [pic] Note: The Germany's Index Scores:PDI=35, IDV=67,MAS=66,UAI=65,LTO=31 Sources: from IBM data base(1967-2001),except LTO from original Chinese Value Survey database(2005) Figure 6: Culture dimensions' index scores of the Netherlands(1967-2001) [pic] Note: The Netherlands' Index Scores:PDI=38, IDV=80,MAS=14,UAI=53,LTO=44 Sources: from IBM data base(1967-2001),except LTO from original Chinese Value Survey database(2005) Figure 7: Culture dimensions' average index scores of the World(1967-2001) [pic] Note: The world' Average Index Scores:PDI=55, IDV=43,MAS=50,UAI=64,LTO=45 Sources: from IBM data base(1967-2001), except LTO from original Chinese Value Survey database(2005). According to the figures above, we can see PDI in these two countries are lower than average,which means people in these two countries are more equally treated than the rest of the world. For IDV index, the Netherlands and Germany are both societies with more individualistic attitudes, people there are more self-reliant and look after themselves or their close family members, also, individual pride and respect are more highly held values than world's average. When talked about uncertainty avoidance, Germany scored a little higher than the Netherlands, which shows it's a country will reduce the level of uncertainty by enhancing laws, policies and regulations to avoid unknown circumstances. In LTO, the Netherlands scores higher than Germany, which indicates its long-term oriented culture. But compared with the world's average,the Netherlands and Germany scored more or less in above four dimensions, except in Masculinity, the Netherlands got a lowest score at 14 among its dimensions which indicates a lower level of differentiation and discrimination between men and women. In Netherlands, women are treated more equally than Germany. Though every country has its own culture background,economic development will not stop at national borders. Globalization requires us to deal with culture differences and work more closely with other countries than ever. Nuclear warfare, global warming, poverty, AIDS, even recent economic recession are all good examples for global cooperation. Section5 (Entrepreneurship) Reference Kibritcioglu, A. and S. Dibooglu, ‘Long-run Economic Growth: An Interdisciplinary Approach,’ Office of Research Working Paper No. 01-0121, University of Illinois 2001 (http://www. business. uiuc. edu/Working_Papers/papers/01-0121. pdf ): Parkin, M. (2008). Economics(8th ed). Boston: Pearson Education. J. De Haan and J. -E. Sturm, On the relationship between economic freedom and economic growth, European Journal of Political Economy 16(2000), pp. 215–241. Gwartney, J. , Lawson, R. , Block, W. , 1996. Economic Freedom in the World, 1975–1995. Fraser Institute,Vancouver. Cowell, F. A. , 1999, â€Å"Measurement of Inequality† in Atkinson, A. B. and F. Bourguignon (eds) Handbook of Income Distribution, North Holland, Amsterdam. Hofstede, G. (2004) Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. New York: McGraw-Hill International. Wealth, Culture, and Corruption Bryan W. Husted and Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 30, No. 2 (2nd Qtr. , 1999), pp. 339-359 http://www. jstor. org/stable/155316

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Assement of Different Organizational Behaviors

Assement of Different Organizational Behaviors Free Online Research Papers Academicians and practitioners alike agree that change management skills, communication, decision making skills, motivation and human resource practices are the most important topic of all within the realm of organizational behavior. It is probably the most significant characteristic people need to have to be effective in the job. Change management skills, communication, decision making, motivation and human resources practices could be the major strategic concern in the 21st century, as professed by management experts. In fact, Hicks (1998) pointed out that, an administrator’s qualifications, change management skills, decision making, motivation and human resource practices are vital success of the organizational system. Today, managers on Southwest Airlines are contemplating the appropriate activities designed to improve the quality of life among academic personnel and career advancement. Furthermore, there is considerable evidence that have actually showed a significant contribution to quality of organization and professional enhancement. The possibilities in attaining these are through sessions held, attending conferences and conventions, participation club organizations and professional associations. Middlewood (1996) believed that academic staff development programs are one of the key areas to consider in the organization network for the development and productivity. In the United States of America, change management skills, communication, decision making, motivation and human resource practices are dynamic profession which does not remain fixed but constantly changing, shifting and growing to cope with the fast changing demands of business institutions. Giving this bleak scenario, organizational behavior according to Kanthak (1996) continues to provide quality business organization. In aiming quality, responsiveness and excellence, the business organization inspires to improve the internal efficiency and effectiveness of the management skills and one of these is the development program such as change management skills, motivation, decision making, human resource practices which inherently determines the success or failure of the organization. Indeed, accomplishing such significant development is a very difficult venture and it is only when the pressure for change and development are great that it is likely to happen. Southwest Airlines business organization in particular should consider the forces of changing management and development of decision making, motivation and human resource practices in relation to the complex needs of the organization, (Pre, 2005). In fact, management experts emphasized that organizational behavior in this century faces the paradox of being more critical than ever to society’s future while at the same time being under great pressure to prove its worth in educating professionals in higher learning to respond to the changing environment. The focus of the research paper is on the organizational behavior – along the dimensions of change management, communication, decision making, motivation and human resource practices. It is hoped that this research paper will serve as a guide for mangers in transforming organization into relevant and responsive institutions that prepare individuals who will be effective leaders and better citizens participating in the development of the changing society. This section includes principles theories, foreign and local literature of authorities that have bearing to the study. Likewise, other similar researches are also included to give sufficient background and information necessary for the realization of this research paper. According to Nickols (2004), managing the kinds of changes encountered by and instituted within organizations requires an unusually broad and finely honed set of skills, chief among which are the following: political skills, analytical skills, people skills, system skills and business skills. In European countries, the administrators/ managers, as a value model, should possess a constellation of desirable values in working with his subordinate. The people around him are keen observers of the way he loves his work and can easily be influenced by this behavior. His manifested values make profound effect on the environment of the organizational system. Values are an important part of business administration; without values, change management skills, decision making, motivation and human resource practices is impossible ( Newell ,1997). According to Livingstone (1996) on the organizational perspective, it is not enough to simply increase the knowledge and skills of faculty and improve their academic behaviors, but their organizational efforts and management skills must result in performance improvement that will enhance competitiveness and efficiency of the organization. Authorities in organizational behavior claim that experiences have considerable influence on the change management skills and motivational competence of an executive. According to Brockner (1998), an experienced leader is original, open to a wide variety of stimuli, has broad interests and is willing to take risks as opposed to being narrow minded and cautious. He is able to come up with new ides and may find risk taking and frequent change less stressful to the inexperienced leader. Some of these change management experts claim to help clients manage the changes they face – the changes happening to them. Others claim to help clients make changes. Still others offer to help by taking on the task of managing changes that must be made. In almost all cases, the process of change is treated separately from the specifics of the situation. It is expertise in this task of managing the general process of change that is laid claim to by professional change agents ( Pre ,2002). According to Nickols (2004), managing change refers to the making of changes in a planned and managed or systematic fashion. The aim is to more effectively implement new methods and systems in an ongoing organization. The changes to be managed lie within and are controlled by the organization. Perhaps the most familiar instance of this king of change is the change or version control aspect of information system development projects. However, these internal changes might have been triggered by events originating outside the organization, in what is usually termed â€Å"the environment†. Hence, managing change, namely, the response to changes over which the organization exercise little or no control (e. g. legislation, social and political upheaval, the actions of competitors, shifting economic tides and currents, and so on). On the other hand, Kram (1995) specified that stemming from the view of change management, human resource practices and motivation as an area of professional practice there arises yet a third definition of organizational behavior. This consists chiefly off the models, methods and techniques, tools, skills, and other forms of knowledge that go into making up any practice. According to him, organizations are first and foremost social systems. Without people there can be no organization. Organizations are hotly and intensely political. Change agents dare not join in this game but they had better understand it. This is one area where you must make our own judgments and keep our own counsel; no one can do it for us. From the same author, he pointed out that two particular sets of skills are very important here: (1) workflow operations or systems analysis, and (2) financial analysis. Change agents must learn to take a part and reassemble operations and systems in novel ways, and then determine the financial and political impacts of what they have done. Conversely, they must be able to start with some financial measure or indicator or goal, and make their way quickly to those operations and systems that, if reconfigures a certain way, would have learned a trade that will be in demand for the foreseeable future. As stated by Nickols (2004), people are the sine qua non of organization. Moreover, they come characterized by all manner of sizes, shapes, colors, intelligence and ability levels, gender, sexual preferences, national origins, first and second languages, religious beliefs, attitudes toward life and work, personalities, and priorities – and these are just a few of the dimensions along which people vary. We have to deal with them all. The skills most needed in this area are those that typically fall under the heading of the communication or interpersonal skills. To be effective, we must be able to listen and listen actively, to restate, to reflect, to clarify without interrogating, to draw out the speaker, to lead or channel a discussion, to plant ideas, and to develop them. More important, we have to learn to see things through the eyes of these other inhabitants of the organizational world. A situation viewed from a marketing frame of reference is an entirely different situation when see through the eyes of a systems person. Part of the job of a change agent is to reconcile and resolve the conflict between and among desperate (and sometimes desperate) points of view. Charm is great if you have it. Courtesy is better. A well-paid compliment can buy gratitude. A sincere â€Å"Thank you† can earn respect, (Certo, 1985). Stoner and Wankel (1987) as cited by Nickols (2004) pointed out that people employed in today’s world of work do need to learn about computer-based information systems. For now, let’s just say that a system is an arrangement of resources and routines intended to produce specified results. To organize is to arrange. A system reflects organization and by the same token, an organization is a system. A word processing operator and the word processing equipment operated form a system. So do computers and the larger, information processing systems in which computers are so embedded. These are generally known as â€Å"hard† systems. There are â€Å"soft† systems as well: compensation systems, appraisal systems, promotion systems, and reward and incentive systems (Barbon , 2000). There are two sets of systems skills to be mastered. Many people associate the first set with computers and it is exemplified by â€Å"system’s analysis†. This set of skills, by the way, actually predates the digital computer and is known elsewhere (particularly in the United States Air Force and the aerospace industry) as â€Å"systems engineering†. For the most part, the kind of system with which this skill set concerns itself is a â€Å"closed† system which, for now, we can say is simply a mechanistic or contrived system with no purpose of its own and incapable of altering its own structure. In other words, it cannot learn and it cannot change of its own volition. The second set of system skills associated with a body of knowledge generally referred to as General Systems Theory (GST) and it deals with people, organizations, industries, economies, and even nations as socio-technical systems – as â€Å"open†, purposive systems, carrying out transactions with other systems and bent on survival, continuance, prosperity, dominance, plus a host of other goals and objectives, (Gempes, 2005). Business primarily aims to satisfy the consumer’s basic and secondary needs. It can be achieved through the use of effective business marketing practices and strategies. Hence, business skills include the managing the work unit’s resources effectively, linking employment agencies to market the graduates and generating income through Income Generating Programs (George, 1999). According to Foulkies (1986), a very useful framework for thinking about the change process is decision making and problem solving. Managing organizational behavior is seen as a matter of moving from one state to another, specifically, from the problem state to the solved state. Diagnosis or problem analysis is generally acknowledged as essential. Goals are set and achieved at various levels and in various areas of functions. Ends and means are discussed and related to one another. Careful planning is accompanied by efforts to obtain buy-in, support and commitment. The net effect is a transition from one state to another in a planned, orderly fashion. This is the planned change model. Conclusions Based on the assumption, people who enjoy working have the innate desire capacities for creativity and have the potential to work toward organizational objectives with minimum direction. This human resource model encourages an increased participation in decision making, change management, motivation and communication. The term achievement motivation theory on Southwest Airlines is to describe a person’s drive to overcome challenges, to advance and to grow. People who are high in need achievement are highly motivated to strive for the satisfaction that is derived from accomplishing or achieving some challenging tasks or goals. An organization based on concepts and democracy and independence develops a traditional structure of innate capacities in motivation, communication, decision-making that encourages work to learn better without close supervision. Furthermore, management experts particularly of Southwest Airlines described motivation, change management, communication, decision making and human resource practices as models of participatory management asserted that the key element in the human relations approach is the objectives of making organizational members feel useful and important. References Barbon , R .M. (2000) Faculty development of state universities and colleges in region XI : Its relations towards faculty job performance. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Gregorio Araneta University Foundation, Malabon, Metro Manila Philippines. Certo (1985). Management of Organizations and Human Resources. Jowa, WMC.: Brown Publishers. Foulkies, U.T. (1986). Personal Administration and Resource Function. Illinois: Longmanns – Greene, Inc. George, J.J, 2nd edition (1999). Organization Behavior. NJ: Pearson Educ. Inc. Gempes, G.P. et. al. (2005). A model of Institutional Leadership in the Context of Change. University of Mindanao, Davao City Philippines: Unpublished Institutional Research. Gioia, E.E., Anderson, A.L. (2001). Political Skills. Retrieved October 29,2005,fromgoogle.co.in/search?q=political+skills+hl=enlr=sa=N Gorospe, V.R. (1998). Planning and Management in Universities.Manila: National Bookstore, Inc. Hicks, H.H. (1998). Educational Supervision in Principle and Practice. New York, USA: The Macmillan Co. Kanthak, L. M. (1996). What makes high achieving middle school. The Education Digest, 61,32-33. Kram, K.E. (1995). Monitoring at Work: Development Relationship in Organizational Life. Scott-Forseman Inc. Livingstone, H.C. (1996). The University: An Organizational Analysis. Glassgrow: Jossey-Bass Co. Newell, C.A. (1997). Human Behavior in Educational Administration. Englewood Cliffer, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc. Nickol, F.L. (2004) Change management 101: a premier. Distance consulting, retrieved January 16, 2006, from http:// www. Home. att. Net/ nickels/change.htm Pre, V.P.(2005).Organizational climate of graduate education in region XI: Its relation to institutional change. Ateneo de Davao University, Davao City Philippines: Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Research Papers on Assement of Different Organizational BehaviorsThe Project Managment Office SystemIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfOpen Architechture a white paperAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaResearch Process Part OneThree Concepts of PsychodynamicMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males

Monday, November 4, 2019

Bathroom Reading

In a culture that’s filled with an incessant call to action, it is paramount that we stop from time to time to think. This may sound like common sense, but in a fast-paced world it’s hard to find time to stop and consider things for more than a few minutes. Throughout my hectic high school career I have made a point of doing what many people fail to do on a daily basis: reflect and assess my life and decisions. I am a thinker. I analyze, postulate, and contemplate– sometimes too much– but always with the intention of learning something new about myself. You might be surprised to learn that I do my best thinking not, in the classroom, not in my bedroom, but in the bathroom. The bathroom has always been a place where I can sit and relax in peace, an oasis of calm and contemplation. The closest thing to an interruption is a polite knock on the door, and a soft quiet is continually maintained. Bathrooms are kept diligently clean, and ample mirrors provide for sufficient self inspection. In short, the bathroom is the ideal place for introspection and critical thought. My bathroom, which is situated a brief walk down the hall from my bedroom, is a wonderful, pristine chamber where I take solace in silence and retreat from the stresses of my life. After a long day of high school and homework, clubs and activities, I head to my bathroom to think and reflect about the day past and the days ahead. In fact, I do some of my best thinking in the bathroom. Everything from ideas for novels, screenplays, songs and movies, from what to eat for lunch are considered when I take refuge in the bathroom. Solutions to longstanding problems come to me in epiphanies while staring into the symmetrical, blue-tiled floor. I achieve new understandings of books that I have read while looking up at the ivory coated walls. I ruminate on my friends and family, and what they mean to me. I even realize the numerous mistakes and errors that I have recently made, and attempt to resolve my flaws. The thinking I do in the bathroom– whether it be asinine fantasies about my future as a rock star, or the sorry realization that my mother was in fact correct– is important to me. Taking the time to think and reflect has kept me grounded during my high school career, allowing me to make good decisions and stay focused on what is important to me. Instead of living my life blindly and complacently, I have made a choice to think deeply and keep things in perspective. To me, the bathroom is not a place to escape the challenges of reality, but rather a place to embrace and conquer those challenges through the power of human ingenuity. I know that when I leave home for college, and eventually leave college for the real world, critical thought will remain a constant in my life. No matter what I end up doing with my life–whether it be law, film, or literature–there will always be a clean, quiet bathroom down the hall. And for me, that bathroom will always provide the opportunity to better myself through critical thought.

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Final paper traft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final paper traft - Essay Example If they are denied equal rights under the law, it is unreasonable discrimination. Heterosexuals are allowed to marry. Homosexuals should be allowed to marry. A. Cultural variation exists and has long existed, with respect to the form of marriage. In some cultures, marriage is between one man and one woman. In an example of regional Tibetan culture, marriage is between one woman and all brothers of a family (Berreman, 1975). In other cultures (Muslim and traditional Mormon, for example), marriage is between one man and various women. From the news there periodically come articles about a man who married a mountain and a popular female celebrity who married a tree. B. The man who married a mountain did so out of a strong spiritual connection, and the woman who married a tree did so as part of a traditional spiritual solution to strengthen her upcoming marriage. Tibetans, Mormons and Muslims participate in their cultural variation because it is seen to strengthen the family and have positive spiritual implications. Variation and choice are part of marriage in most cultures. C. Many cultures recognize both homosexual and heterosexual marriage. While there are cultural pockets where homosexuality is strongly abhorred (for example in Sri Lanka, where male homosexuality is a serious crime), the modern trend is toward increased legal and social acceptance of variation and recognition of human rights. From Canada and America to India and other countries in Asia, gay marriage is being legalized and supported. There is increased tolerance even in cultural pockets currently prohibiting homosexuality. D. Homosexuals do not differ in any capacity for the sincere performance of marriage, with all its meanings and outcomes (Graff, 1999). Their variation from the norm is not a reflection on capacity, just as other variations the world over do not reflect on their

Thursday, October 31, 2019

The Case Marbury V. Madison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The Case Marbury V. Madison - Essay Example Thus, this historic case created the concept of Judicial Review or the capability of the Judiciary declaring a law unconstitutional. The court case hence resulted to the Judiciary, Legislative & Executive branches of the government is on an evener power basis ultimately setting the precedent for an infinite number of future historic decisions (Marbury versus Madison, 1803). On the last day in office, Adams the president commissioned sixteen new justices for the circuit court and forty-two peace justices for the Columbia district in his last day in office under the Organic Act, which was meant taking control of the Judiciary of the Federal government by the Federalists before Thomas Jefferson took office. The commissions were consequently signed by President John Adams & sealed by the then acting State Secretary, John Marshall (author of the opinion of this case) before he becomes the Court of Supreme Chief Justice. However, the commissions were not submitted before the end of John Adams’s term as the president of the U.S. resulting to rejection of the appointments by Thomas Jefferson who termed them as invalid on grounds that they were not submitted before the end of John Adams’s term as the president (Marbury versus Madison, 1803). Therefore, this prompted William Marbury one of the appointees filing a writ of mandamus before the Court of Supreme, which had original jurisdiction issuing writs of mandamus to any persons holding office or courts under the U.S. authority, to compel Madison, the Stare Secretary delivering the new appointments. However, supreme led by John Marshall rejected on grounds that the move was unconstitutional under some part of the Judiciary Act of 1789 (Marbury versus Madison, 1803). Â  

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

CH8 disscussion questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CH8 disscussion questions - Essay Example More so, the student may be discouraged and lack for motivation when completing other tasks during other classes. It can be more beneficial to combine the two types of praises making major focus on praising effort rather than ability. It is also important to stress that children can develop the ability if they work hard and next time other students may come up with quick and correct answers. Clearly, time is precious and some educators simply fail to invest classroom time into development of certain skills that can help students to learn more effectively. Nonetheless, it is essential for a teacher to make sure that students acquire the necessary knowledge and skills. An effective strategy can involve giving group tasks. Working in a group will enable a student to observe the way other students work and he/she will be able to use similar strategies in the future. Clearly, it is important to make sure that each group includes slow students as well as bright students. Apart from that, educators have to devote some time to teaching students to use certain learning strategies. Thus, when giving an assignment, it is possible to give students several minutes to discuss strategies they are going to use to do their tasks. The teacher should give some advice and highlight strengths and weaknesses of approaches mentioned. Sometimes a teacher may simply give some tips on completing a task. Willingham (2009) names several strategies that can be applied when helping students to catch up. One of them is quite controversial as asking a student to devote â€Å"a fixed time† to do assignments may be counterproductive since the student may sit with books but think of something else (Willingham, 2009, p. 186). First, it is crucial to make the student understand that he/she will need extra effort to catch up. It is important to add that the student should also understand the importance of catching up. Asking a student to read more or do more tasks

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Supply Chain Management In FMGC Sector In India Commerce Essay

Supply Chain Management In FMGC Sector In India Commerce Essay The Rs.85000 crore FMCG market in Indian is growing at a quick speed despite of the economic downslide. The raising disposable earnings and enhanced lifestyle in most tier II and tier III cities are having an influence on the FMCG development across the nation. Over the years organizations like HUL, ITC and Dabur have enhanced efficiency with innovation and strong distribution channels. Their key products have strengthened their existence and outperformed competition in the FMCG segment. Moreover organizations have been effective in refreshing their existence in the semi-urban and rural marketplaces. This report examines the supply chain management for FMCG companies in India. This starts with an overview of the FMCG sector in India and goes on to explain how the supply chain in such companies across the nation have added value to the industry and how further betterment in the system can add onto the growth of the industry. The report also contains a summary of the key players, including their product portfolio, business operations, and strategies. The report concludes with an industry outlook section. Introduction Statement of Problem The current issues that are affecting supply chain performance in FMCG are: Distributor Performance  Inadequate efficiency of Suppliers and Transporters may cause low levels of client satisfaction and excessive route to Market costs. Although there are factors that Manufacturers cannot influence, especially poor infrastructure, there are many ways in which Distribution and Transport expectations can be considerably improved. Thus managing availability in complex distribution set ups is a challenge Improving Distributor Performance Companies look at improving distribution and transportation through improving current processes and systems. Logistics  Some companies operate with owned warehouses, distribution centers and trucks and are not sure whether this is the best option. Growth Supply Chain Limitations For all companies a key concern is to evaluate all areas of the provide cycle for ways to improve productivity, customer satisfaction and reduce supply chain operational costs and capital put in the supply chain. One common concern is a lot of completed products kept by the maker compared with the relatively low levels of finished products kept by the distributor. Planning Poor forecasting and demand planning is causing production planning issues by continuously changing production plans on a weekly and sometimes daily basis. Production Planning tools are generally felt to be inadequate and either not available within the ERP system or used stand-alone spreadsheets and manual workaround solutions. The other taxation structures, dealing with counterfeit goods, infrastructure, emergence of third party logistics provider and reservation for the small scale sector are some of the other challenges faced by FMCG industries. Purpose of Study India is going through a retail revolution. All the big business homes are coming into this Segment and it is growing at a very fast speed. Worldwide leaders in this sector like Wal- Mart, Tesco and Carefour are also trying to get into the Indian market. Retail is providing incredible possibilities in career. However, our nation also poses a big challenge to organized large retailers particularly in the FMCG sector. Food being perishable item, for the retailer to be successful the key is proper supply chain management. The task comes from a number of factors, e.g. huge size and inhabitants of our nation, different lifestyle and hence different preference, very inadequate infrastructure like inappropriate roadways, bad connection between production centers and markets, lack of proper cold chain facility like refrigerated transportation, ware-housing etc. Under these conditions it is interesting to find out how huge structured retailers are dealing with these problems. In this paper a relative study is made in supply chain management adopted by different players in FMCG segment. Review of Literature Defining Supply Chain Management Supply chain management (SCM) is the process of planning, employing and controlling the operations of the supply chain as effectively as possible. Supply Chain Management ranges all activity and storage of raw materials, work-in-process stock, and finished goods from point-of-origin to point-of-consumption. In other words Supply chain management (SCM) is the art and science to improve the way a company manages its raw components and final output in terms of a product or a service and offers it to customers. Supply chain can be identified as the physical, financial and information networks for the logistic activity of materials, funds and related information. It starts from the acquisition of raw materials to distribution of finished products to the end users. Participants of supply chain include all vendors, service providers and customers. In essence, Supply Chain Management incorporates supply and demand administration within and across companies. Some experts distinguish Supply Chain Management and logistics, while others consider the terms to be interchangeable. It is useful to remember that these are the terms that are used intertwine to define and distinguish between these related terms. Although Supply chain management is no longer a business school concept, but a track proven technology appropriate to just about every company, regardless of the industrial sector. It is a sequence of complicated data that optimize enterprise plans within given set of constraints, backed up by a fully integrated suite of financial, distribution, and human resource management system. Supply Chain Management features planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing, procurement, conversion and logistics management activities. Often, it also includes co-ordination and collaboration with channel partners and customers. Supply Chain Management integrates supply and demand within and across companies. Supply Chain Management execution is handling and co-ordination of the activity of materials, information and resources across the supply chain. Thus, Supply Chain encompasses all activities associated with the flow and transformation of materials and information from the raw material stage through to the end user. Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) goods are commonly named as consumer packaged goods. Items in this category include all consumables (other than groceries/pulses) people buy at regular periods. The most common in the list are toilet soaps, detergents, shampoos, toothpaste, shaving products, shoe polish, packaged foodstuff, and household accessories and extends to certain electronic goods. These items are meant for daily of frequent consumption and have a high return. The FMCG Industry is on a high growth curve with the overall demand expected to multiply over the next decade. This high growth is most likely to be accompanied by significant structural shifts such as changing customer preferences, emergence of modern retail dimensions, growing rural spend tendency. The resultant new challenges that need to be addressed for an efficient and effective supply chain are: Managing generation of different varieties. Aligning to the outstart of new channels. Managing the challenges of reach. Companies are now realizing that current supply chain configurations need to evolve to enable them to participate in achieving growth. This requires fresh thinking on the ways in which an organization would structure itself in terms of its key supply chain processes and drivers. With the presence of 12.2% of the world population in the villages of India, the Indian rural FMCG market is something no one can overlook. Better infrastructure facilities will improve their supply chain. A qualitative study conducted in the past has captured information about the supply chain management in major FMCG Industries in India. Major Players in the FMCG Market in India Domestic players Britannia India Ltd (BIL) BIL is a major player in the Indian biscuit/cookie industry, with famous brands such as Tiger glucose, Mariegold, Fifty-Fifty, Good Day, Pure Magic, Bourbon etc. The company holds a 40 per cent market share in the overall structured biscuit market and has a capacity of 300,000 tonne annually. Indian Tobacco Corporation Ltd (ITC) Indian Tobacco Corporation Ltd is an affiliate of British American Tobacco with a 37 per cent stake. While ITC is an excellent market leader in its traditional businesses of cigarettes, hotels, paperboards, packaging and agro products, it is rapidly getting business even in its nascent businesses of branded apparel, greeting cards and packaged foods and confectionary. Marico Marico is a leading Indian Group came into existence in 1990 and operating in consumer products, aesthetics services and worldwide ayurvedic businesses. The organization also markets food products and distributes third party products. Marico owns well-known labels such as Parachute, Saffola, Sweekar, Shanti Amla, Hair Care, Revive, Mediker, Oil of Malabar and the Sil range of processed foods. The organization plans to capture growth through steady change of selection along higher margin lines and focus on volume development, consolidation of market shares, building up brands and new product promotions. Multinational players Cadbury India Ltd (CIL) Cadbury Indian Ltd is a 93.5 per cent subsidiary of Cadbury Schweppes Plc, UK, and a global major in the chocolate and sugar confectionery market. CIL is currently the largest player in the chocolate market in India with a 70 per cent market share. The organization is also a key player in the malted foods, cocoa powder, drinking chocolate, malt extract food and sugar confectionery segment. CIL had also entered the carbonated drinks market with brands like Canada Dry and Crush, which were subsequently sold to Coca Cola in 1999. Established brands include Dairy Milk, Perk, Crackle, 5 Star, Éclairs, Gems, Fructus, Bournvita etc. The company plans to increase the number of retail stores for future growth and market expansion. Colgate-Palmolive India Colgate Palmolive India is the market leader in the Indian oral care industry, with a 51 per cent market share in the toothpaste segment, 48 per cent market share in the toothpowder market and a 30 per cent share in the toothbrush market. The company also has a presence in the premium toilet soap segment and in shaving items, which are sold under the Palmolive brand. The company plans to launch new products in dental and personal care segments and is prepared to continue spending on advertising and marketing to gain market share. Profit margins are being targeted through efficient supply chain management and bringing down cost of operations. Hindustan Unilever Ltd (HUL) Hindustan Unilever Ltd is the nations largest and most significant consumer goods company. The product portfolio of the company includes household and personal care products like soaps, detergents, shampoos, skin care products, colour cosmetics, deodorants and perfumes. It is also the market leader in tea, processed coffee, branded wheat flour, tomato products, ice cream, jams and squashes. HUL enjoys a solid distribution network masking over 3,400 distributors and 16 million outlets. Nestle India Ltd (NIL) Nestle India Ltd a subsidiary of Nestle SA, Switzerland, is a leading manufacturer of food products in India. Its products include soluble coffee, coffee blends and teas, condensed milk, noodles (81 per cent market share), infant milk powders (75 per cent market share) and cereals (80 per cent market share). Nestle has also established its presence in chocolates, confectioneries and other processed foods. Soluble drinks and dairy products are the major contributors to Nestles total sales. Some of Nestles popular labels are Nescafe, Milkmaid, Maggi and Cerelac. The company has entered the cold milk products segment with the launch of Nestle Dahi. Nestle has also made a venture in non-carbonated cold beverages segment through placement of Nestea iced tea and Nescafe Frappe selling machines. PepsiCo PepsiCo is a world leader in convenient foods and beverages. PepsiCo brands are available in nearly 200 markets worldwide. PepsiCo entered India in 1989 and is working on three focus areas soft drink concentrate, snack foods and vegetable and food processing. PepsiCos success is the result of excellent products, high standards of performance and unique competitive strategies. Procter Gamble Hygiene and Health Care Limited The overall portfolio of Procter Gamble Hygiene and Health Care Limited includes healthcare; feminine-care; hair care and clothing care businesses. PGHH operates in just two business segments Vicks range of cough cold remedies and Whisper range of feminine hygiene. The parent company has declared its plan to discover further external collaborations in India to meet its global innovation and knowledge needs. Gap Analysis Indian organizations are still keeping up with among the Material Resource Planning (MRP-II), Enterprises Resource Planning (ERP), Logistics and Supply Chain Management (SCM). However, it is quite apparent that Indian corporate sector is fast realizing the need of  SCM, which can integrate all other practices and procedures. SCM in India offers one of  the fastest growth areas in revenues as well as employment. India started a little overdue for restructuring and reformulating the strategies relevant with supply chain. However, there is no doubt that Indian industries are fast catching and preparing for meeting the new business environment. A study of available literature related with Indian business practices after 1991s liberalization guidelines show that organizations are concerned about their value chain and identifying that competition is shifting towards  the efficiency and performance  of entire supply  chain activities. The traces of SCM adoption by Indian organizations are given as: Until 1990, logistics was treated as the management of transportation, inventories and warehousing and organizations had to perform these activities individually in an efficient manner. Before opening of Indian market, Indian business giants were enjoying the single play with stable development of capacities. Later on when they heard the music of competition, they found themselves with excess capacities with huge cost burdens. This required organizations to control the cost factor for the survival at marketplace. At the same time of 1990s, Indian companies got fascinated by Business Process Re-engineering (BPR). Organizations treated BPR as remedy of their illness across the organizations processes and functions by eliminating the non-value adding activities and streamlining the operations with a guarantee of higher returns. Fast growth and development of telecommunication networks and wide spread of information technology tools and techniques after mid 1990s presented the biggest challenge in managing well-informed clients. Nevertheless, these changes also provided the most significant boost to Indian industries because organizations discovered themselves able to reach out vendors or suppliers on one end, and clients to the other. Due to this revolution only, ERP-II integrated the internal departments into a seamless organization, whereas, SCM attempts to integrate the exterior factors and processes into the internal procedures. Research Methodology The methodology used for this study is that of primary research. Surveys were given out to 30 FMCG stockiest. By collecting and analysing the results of the surveys we arrive at conclusions for each of the considered questions. In the survey we consider 12 questions. Sampling The sampling plan for the study decides the work area that is the population, which has to be surveyed. A Brief idea about the sampling for this research consisting of its different parameters is given below: The research methodology comprises of the following: Sampling Method (Judgment sampling) In this type of the sampling the researcher uses his judgment to select population members who are good source for accurate information. Sampling Universe The sample universe taken is Andheri (W), Mumbai. Sample size In this study sample size is of 30 FMCG stockiest. Due to the shortage of time the research size is taken short so that the research can be done easily. DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH The research is primarily descriptive as the problem is very specific and a certain set of answers only while provide the insight to the solution. EXPLANATORY RESEARCH This stage develops a precise theory which is used to explain empirical generalizations that are derived from descriptive stage. DATA COLLECTION The data has been primarily collected from the various customers, their opinions and answers are recorded in the form of an excel sheet. DATA ANALYSIS (ACTIVITIES AND TECHNIQUES) There are three different activities in data analysis:- Data Reduction- in this data is selected, focused, simplified, abstracted and transformed. The data is organized. Data Display- data is compressed, reduced and organized. Conclusion Drawing and Verification. Questionnaire And Analysis Level of awareness towards Supply Chain Management in the FMCG sector Degree of willingness to accept Supply Chain Management for better profitability achievement Choices for a better Supply Chain Solutions Insufficient funds affecting the implementation of Supply Chain Management Satisfaction level with Supply Chain Solutions Level up to which new emerging technologies are beneficial in providing better Supply Chain Solution Most preferred option of the advantages of implementation of Supply Chain Solution Role of Supply Chain in the Total Performance of a business Willingness level for outsourcing Supply Chain services Importance of Supply Chain solutions in FMCG sector compared to other commodities Objectives of the FMCG Companies Challenges shaping the startegies of FMCG companies Findings and Conclusion Most of the stockiest across Andheri(W) are well aware about the Supply Chain Management fundamental but approximately 20 % stockiest are not aware about the same; they follow traditional way to deliver good to their customers. Supply chain management is known to be one of the most important tools to increase total profitability. Particularly in case of stockiest business supply chain contribution forms major part of total profit. But in Andheri(W) 28 % stockiest dont believe that supply chain helps form major part of their total profit. Willingness level to accept the supply chain management advantage of better profitability achievement is also not very satisfactory. On the basis of above response, most of the stockiest have many options for alternative Supply Chain Solutions, some have moderate level of options for the same. But 35% stockiest have very few options for alternative Supply Chain Solutions. Those who have very few options for Supply Chain feel trouble when they want to increase supply chain performance. Supply chain cost contributes to the major part of the total cost in the FMCG stockiest business. But effective supply chain management would be helpful in reduction of cost and increase profit. In the survey 22% stockiest respondents feel cost deficiency does not hinder the implementation of supply chain solutions. Satisfaction level among respondents towards Supply Chain Solutions is high. 50% of the respondents feel so. In survey 22 % stockiest fell emerging technologies are not beneficial in providing better supply chain solutions which shows that either they are not aware or not interested in using emerging technologies in their business process. 48% of the stockiest feel that Better lead time is the most preferred option of the advantages of implementation of Supply Chain Solution. According to the survey respondents feel that Supply Chain plays a major role in uplifting the total performance of the business. Respondent Stockiest dont like to outsource supply chain solutions because their business is all about supply chain. Outsourcing supply chain solutions from third party supply chain service provider would directly impact their total profit. But 24% stockiest feel they would like to or are currently outsourcing their supply chain solutions. Supply Chain solutions hold a high importance in the FMCG sector as compared to other commodities sector in India. Reduce out-of-stocks/increase shelf availability has been rated it as the first priority by the respondents. Followed by Lower sourcing/procurement costs, Improve service offered to customers, Reduce investment in inventory and Lower warehousing and distribution costs. As far as challenges in the FMCG sector are concerned, the picture is somewhat more practical and tactically oriented. The ongoing struggle to make the supply chain demand-driven and lean is the regarded as a serious and critical challenge to the FMCG sector. So the need is to create a better promotional awareness by FMCG key players to offer different version of SCM solutions because stockiest feel that they can offer better time bound delivery of product to their customer and can manage their inventory in a better way such that it poses out to be a strategic advantage to their business.